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Ebola haemorrhagic fever:
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1,2
Ebola outbreak chronology
|
Year
|
Country
|
Virus subtype1
|
Cases
|
Deaths
|
Case fatality
|
|
1976
|
Sudan
|
Ebola-Sudan
|
284
|
151
|
53%
|
|
1976
|
Zaire (DRC)
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
318
|
280
|
88%
|
|
1977
|
Zaire (DRC)
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
1
|
1
|
100%
|
|
1979
|
Sudan
|
Ebola-Sudan
|
34
|
22
|
65%
|
|
1994
|
Gabon
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
52
|
31
|
60%
|
|
1994
|
Côte d’Ivoire
|
Ebola-Côte d’Ivoire
|
1
|
0
|
0%
|
|
1995
|
Liberia
|
Ebola-Côte d’Ivoire
|
1
|
0
|
0%
|
|
1995
|
Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly Zaire)
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
315
|
254
|
81%
|
|
1996 (Jan - April)
|
Gabon
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
31
|
21
|
68%
|
|
1996 - 1997 (July 1996 - Jan 1997)
|
Gabon
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
60
|
45
|
75%
|
|
1996
|
South Africa
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
12
|
1
|
100%
|
|
2000 - 2001
|
Uganda
|
Ebola-Sudan
|
425
|
224
|
53%
|
|
2001 - 2002 (Oct 2001 - March 2002)
|
Gabon
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
65
|
53
|
82%
|
|
2001 - 2002 (Oct 2001 - March 2002)
|
Republic of Congo
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
59
|
44
|
75%
|
|
2002 - 2003 (Dec 2002 - April 2003)
|
Republic of Congo
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
143
|
128
|
90%
|
|
2003 (Nov - Dec)
|
Republic of Congo
|
Ebola-Zaire
|
35
|
29
|
83%
|
|
2004
|
Sudan
|
Ebola-Sudan
|
17
|
7
|
41%
|
|
2005 (April - June)
|
Republic of Congo
|
|
12
|
9
|
75%
|
|
Total
|
|
|
1871
|
1296
|
|
1A fourth virus subtype, Ebola-Reston, was detected in October 1989 in Reston, Virginia (USA) in a colony of cynomolgus monkeys (Macacus fascicularis) imported from the Philippines, and in November 1989 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, also in monkeys imported from the same supplier. Subsequent outbreaks of Reston-Ebola disease in nonhuman primates occurred in 1990 in the USA (Reston, Virginia and Alice, Texas), in 1992 in Italy (Sienna), and in 1996 in the USA (Alice, Texas). Investigations traced the source of all outbreaks caused by the Reston strain to one export facility in the Philippines (Laguna Province), but the mode of contamination of this facility was not elucidated. Although highly pathogenic for nonhuman primates, the Reston strain has not to date caused illness in humans.
2This case was a nurse involved in the treatment of an Ebola patient transferred from Gabon to South Africa.
Laboratory accidents
1976: Microbiological Research Establishment, Porton, UK Needlestick injury, recovered
2004 (February): Fort Detrick, Maryland (USA) Needlestick injury, recovered
2004 (May): State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology (Vector), Koltsovo, Russian Federation Needlestick injury, died 19 May
Ebola haemorrhagic fever:
1,2
For more information contact:
WHO Media centre
Telephone: +41 22 791 2222
E-mail: mediainquiries@who.int
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