Qualified nurses and midwives in many developed and
developing countries are leaving these professions and new recruits
are insufficient to replace them. During the May 2001 World Health
Assembly, several ministers of health voiced concerns about providing
quality nursing and midwifery services in health systems in their own
countries. An international conference is being held this week to
address nursing workforce issues.
Underpay, hazardous working conditions and lack of
career development, professional status and autonomy are among the
reasons behind the nursing shortage. The severe deficit of nursing
staff has led to the closure of essential health care facilities,
including emergency rooms. Increased morbidity and mortality have been
linked by researchers to the nursing workforce shortage.
"Countries are seeking evidence on the set of
best practices that will address workforce shortages in their specific
context. The type and nature of the shortage differs from country to
country, so no single blueprint for a solution exists," said Dr
Naeema Al-Gasseer, Senior Scientist for Nursing and Midwifery, World
Health Organization (WHO).
WHO, along with its partners, is collecting data on
the determinants and characteristics of nursing workforce shortages in
order to develop strategies for human resources and models to improve
the situation.
WHO's partners are the International Council of
Nurses, the Lillian Carter Center for International Nursing at Emory
University and the governments of Canada, the United Kingdom and the
United States. The Pan American Health Organization, WHO's Regional
Office for the Americas, is closely involved in this issue as well.
The conference will also help provide nursing
leaders with important negotiation, problem-solving, critical thinking
and conflict resolution skills. "Nursing leaders need to be able
to participate in human resource planning and negotiate improved
working conditions, which would ultimately help attract people to the
profession," said Dr Al-Gasseer. They also need the tools to
collect and analyze information. For instance, they need to be able to
assess the situation in order to make informed decisions in planning
for health.