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These
documents are organized alphabetically, though responses are grouped with the original
document. Recent publications are marked  . For the complete
list of debates, by topic, click
here.Many of these
documents are in .pdf format. If you do not have the required Adobe Acrobat Reader you can
download it here.
If there are documents missing from this list that you
believe should be included, please email the site administrator.
To aid your understanding, please refer to the glossary of terms related to
health systems performance. |
| To learn more about the WHO
technical consultation on health inequalities, click here. For more information on WHO's current work on overall levels of
health, click here. |
Document title |
Availability |
| Acheson
D, Alleyne GA, Casas JA, Castillo-Salgado C, Barzach M, Braveman P et al. Round table
discussion. Health inequalities and the health of the poor. Bulletin of the World
Health Organization, 2000, 78(1):75-85. |
|
Asada Y, Hedemann T. A problem with the individual
approach in the WHO health inequality measurement. International
Journal for Equity in Health, 2002, 1(2).
[http://www.equityhealthj.com] |
|
| Bommier A, Stecklov G.
Defining health inequality: why Rawls succeeds where social theory fails. Journal of
Health Economics, 2002, 21:497-513. |
|
| Braveman P, Krieger N, Lynch J. Health inequalities and social
inequalities in health. Feedback. Bulletin of the World Health Organization,
2000, 78(2):232-3. |
|
Braveman
P, Starfield B, Geiger HJ. World Health Report 2000: how it removes equity from the agenda
for public health monitoring and policy. BMJ, 2001, 323(7314): 678-81.
[http://www.bmj.com] |
|
Gakidou EE, King G.
Measuring total health inequality: Adding individual variation to group-level differences.
International Journal for Equity in Health, 2002, 1(3).
[http://www.equityhealthj.com] |
|
| Gakidou EE, Murray CJ, Frenk J. Defining and measuring health
inequality: an approach based on the distribution of health expectancy. Bulletin of
the World Health Organization, 2000, 78(1):42-54. |
|
| Gwatkin DR. Health inequalities and the health of the poor: what do we
know? What can we do? Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2000,
78(1):3-18. |
|
Houweling TA, Kunst AE, Mackenbach JP. World Health Report 2000:
inequality index and socioeconomic inequalities in mortality. Lancet, 2001,
357(9269):1671-2.
Reprinted with permission from Elsevier Science (The
Lancet, 2001, 357, 1671-2).
Single copies of this article may be downloaded and printed
for personal research and study.
Visit The Lancet home page at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/lancet.
Visit the ScienceDirect home page at http://www.ScienceDirect.com.
|
|
| Kvale G. Inequalities in health. Feedback. Bulletin of the World
Health Organization, 2000, 78(6):856. |
|
Leon
DA, Walt G, Gilson L. International perspectives on health inequalities and policy. BMJ,
2001, 322:591-4.
[http://www.bmj.com] |
|
| Makinen M, Waters H, Rauch M, Almagambetova N, Bitran R, Gilson L et
al. Inequalities in health care use and expenditures: empirical data from eight developing
countries and countries in transition. Bulletin of the World Health Organization,
2000, 78(1):55-65. |
|
Murray
CJ. Commentary: comprehensive approaches are needed for full understanding. BMJ,
2001, 323(7314): 678-81.
[http://www.bmj.com] |
|
| Murray CJL, Gakidoue EE, Frenk J. Reponse to P. Braveman et. al.
Feedback. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2000, 78(2):234-5. |
|
| Murray CJ, Gakidou EE, Frenk J. Health inequalities and social group
differences: what should we measure? Bulletin of the World Health Organization,
1999, 77(7):537-43. Abstract:
Both health inequalities and social group health differences are important aspects of
measuring population health. Despite widespread recognition of their magnitude in many
high- and low-income countries, there is considerable debate about the meaning and
measurement of health inequalities, social group health differences and inequities. The
lack of standard definitions, measurement strategies and indicators has and will continue
to limit comparisons — between and within countries, and over time — of health
inequalities, and perhaps more importantly comparative analyses of their determinants.
Such comparative work, however, will be essential to find effective policies for
governments to reduce health inequalities. This article addresses the question of whether
we should be measuring health inequalities or social group health differences. To help
clarify the strengths and weaknesses of these two approaches, we review some of the major
arguments for and against each of them. |
|
| Oswaldo Cruz Foundation and The Brazilian Ministry of Health. Report
of the workshop "Health Systems Performance: The World Health Report 2000", Rio
de Janiero, 14-15 December 2000. Reproduced
with permission. |
|
| World Health Organization. The methods and data used in the World
Health Report 2000: A response to the commentary made by the Brazilian delegation to the
Executive Board, 17 and 19 January 2001. (This is also a response to the report listed
above from the Rio de Janeiro conference on the WHR2000.) |
|
| Szwarcwald
CL. On the World Health Organisation's measurement of health inequalities. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2002, 56:177-182. |
|
| Wolfson M, Rowe G. On measuring inequalities in health. Bulletin
of the World Health Organization, 2000, 79(6): 553. |
|
| GPE discussion papers.
For a complete list, click here. |
| Gakidou EE, Murray CJL, Frenk J. A framework for measuring health
inequality. Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper Series: No. 5.
World Health Organization. |
|
| Gakidou E, King G. An individual-level approach to health inequality:
Child survival in 50 countries. Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion
Paper Series: No. 18. World Health Organization. |
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